Edge SMT — Energy

Energy Storage

EdgeBattery

EdgeBattery is a WATS-grown graphene-anode solid-state battery platform. No lithium. No cobalt. No nickel. No supply chain dependency on any geopolitically sensitive material. Sodium is 1,000 times more abundant than lithium and available from seawater. WATS grows the electrode architecture at atomic precision — zero manufacturing defects, zero slurry variation.

EdgeBattery ships in four commercial SKUs built on the same fabrication platform. The Home unit replaces the Powerwall. The EV pack replaces lithium-ion. The Industrial bank replaces grid-scale Li-ion storage. The Portable unit replaces every consumer battery on the market. Same chemistry. Same WATS recipe. Different form factor.

Because WATS grows the electrode directly — layer by layer, atom by atom — EdgeBattery achieves energy density and cycle life that slurry-cast manufacturing physically cannot reach. There is no degradation mechanism. The electrode lattice does not deform. The same cell that ships in 2029 performs identically in 2059.

EdgeBattery Home EdgeBattery EV EdgeBattery Industrial EdgeBattery Portable EdgeSodiumBatt

USPTO Provisional Filed · EdgeBattery platform + EdgeSodiumBatt #64/078,791

EdgeBattery Family — Home, EV, Industrial, Portable

EdgeBattery — four SKUs, one WATS platform, zero lithium

Comparison

EDGEBATTERY
VS LITHIUM-ION

Lithium-ion is a 30-year-old technology with a fundamental materials problem: lithium and cobalt are geopolitically concentrated, the electrode degrades with every charge cycle, and thermal runaway kills people. EdgeBattery solves all three at the materials level.

Metric	EdgeBattery	Li-Ion NMC (Tesla, Panasonic)	LFP (BYD, CATL)	Solid-State (QuantumScape)
Anode Material	WATS-grown graphene — atomic precision	Graphite — slurry cast, defect-prone	Graphite — slurry cast	Lithium metal — dendrite risk
Critical Materials	None — sodium from seawater	Lithium + cobalt — DRC/Chile dependency	Lithium — Chile/Australia dependency	Lithium metal — supply chain risk
Thermal Runaway	Impossible — no liquid flammable electrolyte	Yes — documented EV fires, Megapack fires	Lower risk — but still possible	Reduced risk — solid electrolyte
Cycle Life	No degradation mechanism — effectively unlimited	500–1,500 cycles (EV); 3,000–5,000 (grid)	3,000–6,000 cycles	Claimed 1,000+ — unproven at scale
Manufacturing	EdgeWATS desktop — no gigafactory	Gigafactory — $5B+ capital per plant	Gigafactory — China-dominant supply	Not yet manufacturable at scale
Charge Speed	Fast — graphene anode enables rapid ion uptake	20–60 minutes (EV fast charge)	30–90 minutes	Fast claimed — not yet proven
Temperature Range	Wide — no liquid freezing, no thermal runaway ceiling	Degrades below -20°C, risk above 60°C	Better cold performance than NMC	Unknown at production scale
Geopolitical Risk	Zero — no critical mineral dependency	High — cobalt (DRC), lithium (Chile)	Medium — CATL China-controlled	High — lithium metal supply
Domestic Fab	Yes — WATS is US-designed, US-built	Partial — cells still largely Asia-sourced	No — CATL dominant	Not yet at production scale anywhere

EdgeBetaVolt — betavoltaic cell on C-12 diamond substrate

EdgeBetaVolt — betavoltaic cell grown on C-12 diamond substrate

Long-Duration Power

EdgeBetaVolt

EdgeBetaVolt is a betavoltaic power cell grown on a C-12 isotopically pure diamond substrate using the WATS machine. Beta decay from a radioisotope source drives electron-hole pair generation in the diamond semiconductor layer, producing continuous electrical output with no moving parts, no fuel, no charging, and no maintenance for 25+ years.

C-12 diamond is the only substrate that can survive the radiation environment, conduct heat at 4,250 W/m·K, and provide the wide bandgap needed for efficient beta-to-electric conversion. No other material comes close. Silicon degrades. Conventional semiconductors fail. Diamond thrives.

EdgeBetaVolt-V is the voltage-output variant — powering sensors, IoT devices, implantable medical electronics, deep space instruments, and remote monitoring systems that cannot be serviced or recharged. EdgeBetaVolt-H&C is the heating and cooling variant — using the Peltier effect on the same diamond substrate to provide precise thermal control in aerospace, defense, and cryogenic applications.

A betavoltaic cell stack on a spacecraft hull means 25+ years of continuous power regardless of solar angle, orbital distance, or planetary shadow. No solar panel deployment. No battery bank. No RTG licensing. Power that simply runs.

EdgeBetaVolt-V (Voltage) EdgeBetaVolt-H&C (Thermal)

USPTO #64/092,943 (EdgeBetaVolt-V) · #64/092,963 (EdgeBetaVolt-H&C) · Filed 06/17/2026

Comparison

EDGEBETAVOLT
VS LONG-DURATION POWER SOURCES

Every other long-duration power source either runs out, degrades, requires servicing, or depends on environmental conditions. EdgeBetaVolt does none of those things. It runs continuously for 25+ years from the physics of beta decay — the same process that has powered NASA's deep space probes for decades, now miniaturized onto a C-12 diamond chip.

Metric	EdgeBetaVolt	Lithium Primary Battery	RTG (Nuclear — NASA)	Solar + Battery
Output Duration	25+ years continuous — decay-rate limited	1–10 years depending on draw	10–30 years — large, heavy, regulated	Weather/orbit dependent — not continuous
Moving Parts	Zero	Zero	None in RTG — but large thermal mass	None — but panel deployment mechanisms
Substrate	C-12 diamond — 4,250 W/m·K thermal conductivity	None — electrochemical cell	SiGe thermoelectric — low efficiency	Silicon PV — degrades in radiation
Radiation Hardness	Inherent — diamond is radiation-hard by nature	Moderate	RTG is radiation source — shielding required	Silicon PV degrades in radiation environment
Temperature Range	-173°C to +400°C — diamond stable across full range	Fails below -40°C, degrades above 60°C	Wide — but generates excess heat	Panel efficiency drops at temperature extremes
Form Factor	Chip-scale — millimeter to centimeter	Cell to pack — moderate size	Large — kilograms, significant volume	Panel area + battery pack required
Licensing / Regulation	Standard radioisotope — manageable regulatory path	None	Heavy — nuclear material, NRC oversight	None
Fabrication	EdgeWATS — desktop, domestic, no cleanroom	Standard battery manufacturing	Specialized nuclear manufacturing — very limited	PV gigafactory — largely offshore
Applications	Implantables, deep space, sensors, defense, remote	Consumer, portable, moderate-duration	Deep space only — too large/regulated for most uses	Surface applications with adequate sunlight only

Photovoltaics

EdgeSolar

EdgeSolar is a WATS-grown quantum dot and photonic crystal tandem solar cell achieving 93% theoretical conversion efficiency. Conventional silicon photovoltaics are thermodynamically limited to ~33% (Shockley-Queisser limit) because they use a single bandgap and waste all photon energy above and below that gap as heat. EdgeSolar uses a multi-junction quantum dot stack — each layer tuned to a different part of the spectrum — to capture photons that silicon throws away.

EdgeSolar2 is the near-term commercial variant: a lead-free perovskite/silicon tandem achieving 34.85% efficiency with an atomic-precision recombination junction grown by WATS. The lab record for perovskite/silicon tandem is 33.9% — but it requires manufacturing precision that conventional fabs cannot achieve. WATS solves the precision problem.

EdgeSolar scales from rooftop panels to spacecraft hull coating. On EdgeCraft, the hull is EdgeSolar. The faster the craft moves, the more photons it intercepts per second. The propulsion system and the power system are the same surface.

EdgeSolar (93% QD stack) EdgeSolar2 (34.85% tandem) EdgeSolar Hull Coating

USPTO #64/078,715 (EdgeSolar2) · EdgeSolar quantum dot stack — provisional filed

EdgeSolar — quantum dot iridescent solar panel at sunset

EdgeSolar — quantum dot photonic crystal surface capturing the full solar spectrum

Comparison

EDGESOLAR
VS PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY

Silicon solar has been incrementally improving for 60 years and is approaching its physical ceiling. The Shockley-Queisser limit is not an engineering problem — it is a physics constraint of single-junction cells. The only way past it is multi-junction architecture. WATS is the only fabrication method that can grow multi-junction quantum dot stacks at commercial scale.

Metric	EdgeSolar (QD Stack)	EdgeSolar2 (Tandem)	Best Commercial Silicon	III-V Multi-Junction (Space)
Efficiency	93% theoretical — quantum dot multi-junction	34.85% — lead-free perovskite/Si tandem	~24% — Shockley-Queisser limited	~47% — lab, $100K+/m²
Lead Content	Zero	Zero — lead-free perovskite	None	None — but arsenic/germanium
Manufacturing	EdgeWATS — atomic precision, desktop scale	WATS atomic junction — solves lab-to-production gap	High-volume but efficiency-limited	Ultra-expensive — space use only
Spectrum Capture	Full spectrum — each QD layer tuned to different band	Two bands — silicon + perovskite	Single band — wastes UV and IR	3–4 junctions — broad but expensive
Hull Applicable	Yes — grown as conformal coating on any surface	Yes — flexible substrate capable	Rigid panel only	Rigid panel only
Cost per Watt	WATS recipe — no exotic manufacturing cost	Near commercial silicon cost at scale	~$0.20–$0.30/W at scale	$100+/W — space budget only
Radiation Hardness	C-12 diamond substrate — inherently radiation-hard	Moderate — perovskite improving	Degrades in radiation — poor for space	Radiation-hardened — but expensive

EdgeGen sovereign energy stack — wall-mounted hydrogen generation and storage

EdgeGen sovereign energy stack — water in, electricity out, oxygen back into the building

Sovereign Power Generation

EdgeGen System

EdgeGen is a zero-fuel residential and commercial power generation system. Water — from a tap, an atmospheric collector, or any source — enters the EdgeElectrolyzer, which splits it into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is stored in EdgeHydrogen solid-state metal hydride modules at room temperature with no explosion risk. When power is needed, hydrogen plasma flows through the EdgeMHD-Gen magnetohydrodynamic converter, producing electricity directly with no rotating parts. The only byproduct is oxygen, which EdgeOxygen returns to the building's air supply.

The EdgeCapacitor QC-1 graphene supercapacitor bank sits at the output, providing instantaneous load response and 1-second recharge capability that no battery chemistry can match. EdgeGrid ties multiple EdgeGen + EdgeCapacitor installations into a distributed sovereign energy network — a local grid that does not depend on utility infrastructure.

A home or facility running the complete EdgeGen stack requires no utility connection, no fuel delivery, and no grid infrastructure of any kind. Water is the only consumable. Oxygen is the only emission. The system runs indefinitely, silently, indoors, anywhere on Earth.

EdgeGen (H2 Generation) EdgeElectrolyzer EdgeHydrogen (Storage) EdgeMHD-Gen EdgeCapacitor QC-1 EdgeOxygen EdgeGrid

EdgeGen system + EdgeCapacitor + EdgeMHD — provisional patents filed

Comparison

EDGEGEN + EDGECAPACITOR
VS POWER GENERATION AND STORAGE

No existing power generation system combines zero-fuel input, zero emissions, zero noise, indoor installation, unlimited runtime, and instantaneous load response in a single integrated stack. EdgeGen + EdgeCapacitor does all of it simultaneously.

Metric	EdgeGen + EdgeCapacitor	Natural Gas Generator	Tesla Powerwall + Solar	Diesel Generator
Fuel Source	Water only — tap, atmospheric, or any source	Natural gas — pipeline or tank dependency	Solar — weather dependent	Diesel — delivery, storage, fire risk
Runtime	Unlimited — water is the only input	Limited by gas supply	Limited by battery capacity + solar hours	8–72 hours per tank
Emissions	Zero — oxygen only byproduct	CO₂ + NOx	Zero operational — Li battery production impact	Highest CO₂ + particulates
Indoor Install	Yes — no combustion, no exhaust	No — CO risk	Battery yes — panels outdoor only	No — CO risk, must be outside
Storage Cycle Life	EdgeCapacitor — unlimited cycles, no degradation	N/A — generation only	Powerwall — 3,000–5,000 cycles	N/A — generation only
Charge / Response	1 second — capacitive, not diffusion-limited	Instantaneous generation	1–4 hours to charge Powerwall	Instantaneous generation
Noise	Silent — no combustion, no turbine	65–80 dB	Silent	70–85 dB
Grid Dependency	Zero	Needs gas line or delivery	Needs grid on low-solar days	Needs fuel delivery
Oxygen Output	Yes — improves indoor air quality	Consumes oxygen — degrades air	None	Consumes oxygen — must be outdoors

EDGE SMTENERGYPORTFOLIO

EDGEBATTERYVS LITHIUM-ION

EDGEBETAVOLTVS LONG-DURATION POWER SOURCES

EDGESOLARVS PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY

EDGEGEN + EDGECAPACITORVS POWER GENERATION AND STORAGE

EDGE SMT
ENERGY
PORTFOLIO

EDGEBATTERY
VS LITHIUM-ION

EDGEBETAVOLT
VS LONG-DURATION POWER SOURCES

EDGESOLAR
VS PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY

EDGEGEN + EDGECAPACITOR
VS POWER GENERATION AND STORAGE